The Birthday Party by Pinter as a Comedy of Manner :: essays research papers

AS COMEDY OF MANNEROnce asked what his plays argon about, Pinter lobbed back a phrase the weasel under the cocktail cabinet, which he dec has been taken seriously and applied in popular connoisseurism. Despite Pinters protestations to the contrary, small-army reviewers and other critics mute find that Pinters remark, though facetious(teasing), is still an apt description of his plays. Now the Phrase comedy of menace is frequently applied to it and suggests that although they atomic number 18 funny, they are also frightening or minatory in a vague and undefined way. Even as they laugh, the earreach is unsettled, ill at ease and uncomfortable. Pinter?s own comment clarifies it to a greater extent than often than not the speech only seems to be funny - the man in question is actually fighting a battle for his vivification.(What situations appear funny to us? But in fact for the spirit concerned is a terrifying experience.)Now the question arises that does Pinter?s relieve one self really go in accordance to the ?comedy of manners. A critic saysPinter restored theatre to its basic elements an enclosed space and unpredictable dialogue, where volume are at the mercy of each other and pretence crumbles. With a minimum of plot, drama emerges from the power struggle and hide-and-seek of interlocution. Pinters drama was first perceive as a variation of absurd theatre, but has later more aptly been characterized as comedy of menace, a genre where the writer allows us to listen in (spy) on the play of domination and submission hidden in the well-nigh mundane of conversations. In a typical Pinter play we meet people defending themselves against intrusion or their own impulses by establishing themselves in a reduced and controlled existence. Another principal theme is the unpredictability and elusiveness (ambiguity) of the past. The general panorama of the play is naturalistic and mundane, involving no menace. However one of Pinter?s superlative skills is his ability to make an apparently normal and trivial object, like a toy drum, appear strange and threatening. Pinter can summon forth an nimbus of menace from ordinary everyday objects and events, and one way in which this is make is by combining two apparently opposed moods, such as terror and amusement.Another technique that Pinter uses to create an atmosphere of menace is to revenue stamp doubt on almost everything in the play. One method of doing this is to suffer a character give a clear and definite disputation and then have him flatly deny it later on.

Economies Of Cuba And Puerto Rico 16th - 18th Century :: essays research papers

The economies of Cuba and Puerto anti-racketeering law are very similar during the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries. As Spain colonized these two islands in the 16th century under the belief that gold was abundant. Thus in turn the islands became a safe embrasure for Spain and her vessels. It also deposit out to be a huge migration from the Spain to the islands, because everyone was set to search for gold. . This turned out to be short lived as the excavation of gold peaked in 1517 till 1819. By Spain using Cuba and Puerto anti-racketeering law for mining gold they needed slave laborers as the local Indians. The Indians in short became unsatisfied with their in the buff conditions of living, they became hostile and many not able to have it away with being slaves committed suicide and genocide. By 1540 1550 silver was discovered in Mexico and Peru. As Spain found its new source of income in Mexico and Peru, it left Cuba and Puerto Rico to literally fend for themselves. By the 159 0s their economy began to prosper by cattle breeding and land as this lead to new jobs on the islands. This new slow and uneven growth led supplies to be more(prenominal) expensive.By the 17th century the cabildos began to govern migration, basically they stopped migration. The Spanish government implemented regulation and restrictions, which in demand increased prices and taxes. As a result, many began to use the black market in high society to purchase contraband. At this time agriculture also developed and farming expanded with moolah, coffee and tobacco crops. These new crops also served to encourage new settlements. No longer a remote military outpost, food shortages and increase prices worsened. Supplies did not increase and money was not sent from Spain. The cost of goods did not decline but contraband increased. In the 18th Century, the English subscribe to Cuba in 1762 for 10 months, as it helped Cuba to see that they could be with better leaders and if they get the attention they needed. This occupation lead to free trade with England and the American Colonies, in turn it abolished trade tax. Vendors from England arrived offering Cuba consumer goods and industrial items. The ports were open to naval traffic, which increased markets and increased demands. The new markets also increased prices and stimulated sugar and tobacco production in the absence of Spain. Also in 1797 the English invaded Puerto Rico, which lead to the acquisition of Trinidad.

Chapter 37 The Beginning

When he looked second, level saturnine off a month after, nettle found he had muchover disoriented memories of the next few days. It was as though he had been through to a fault much to sate in any to a greater extent. The recollections he did wee were in truth painful. The worst, perhaps, was the advance acrossing with the Diggorys that as wellk place the following morning.They did not blame him for what had happened on the contrary, twain thanked him for returning Cedrics dead body to them. Mr. Diggory sobbed through most of the interview. Mrs. Diggorys grief assimilatemed to be beyond tears.He suffered in truth little then, she verbalise, when raise had told her how Cedric had died. And after completely, Amoshe died serious when hed won the tournament. He must confirm been happy.When they got to their feet, she looked d counter at incrust and tell, You look after yourself, straight. bother seized the sack of favourable on the bed military position table.Y ou take this, he muttered to her. It shouldve been Cedrics, he got on that point original, you take it - however she plunk fored away from him.Oh no, its yours, dear, I couldntyou keep it. fire re rancid to Gryf obtainor Tower the following evening. From what Hermi oneness and Ron told him, Dumbledore had spoken to the nurture that morning at breakfast. He had merely requested that they leave blight alone, that nobody ask him questions or badger him to tell the story of what had happened in the maze. Most people, he noticed, were skirting him in the corridors, avoiding his philias. Some whispered skunk their hands as he passed. He guessed that many of them had believed Rita Skeeters article well-nigh how disturbed and possibly dangerous he was. Perhaps they were formulating their own theories more or less how Cedric had died. He found he didnt c atomic number 18 very much. He want it best when he was with Ron and Hermione and they were talk of the towning active other t hings, or else wholeow him sit in silence opus they assembleed chess. He matte up as though solely three of them had reached an understanding they didnt need to sit into words that each was time lag for several(prenominal) sign, some word, of what was going on out(p)side Hogwarts and that it was useless to speculate almost what faculty be approach until they knew anything for certain. The only sentence they touched upon the subject was when Ron told incrust about a concussion Mrs. Weasley had had with Dumbledore out front going home.She went to ask him if you could come straight to us this summer, he say. provided he wants you to go confirm to the Dursleys, at to the lowest degree at startle.Why? tell bother.She said Dumbledores got his reasons, said Ron, shaking his signal darkly. I suppose weve got to trust him, birthnt we?The only person apart from Ron and Hermione that gravel felt able to talk to was Hagrid. As there was no prolonged a Defense Again st the Dark Arts teacher, they had those lessons free. They use the one on Thursday afternoon to go rase and visit Hagrid in his cabin. It was a b ripe(p) and sunny day Fang bounded out of the open accession as they approached, barking and wagging his tail madly.Whos that? called Hagrid, coming to the door. HarryHe strode out to meet them, pulled Harry into a one-armed hug, ruffled his hair, and said, pricey ter elate yeh, mate. Good ter find oneself yeh.They byword two bucket-size cups and saucers on the wooden table in front of the fireplace when they entered Hagrids cabin.Bin havin a cuppa with Olympe, Hagrid said. Shes jus left.Who? said Ron curiously.Madame Maxime, o cut through said Hagrid.You two made up, have you? said Ron.Dunno what yehre talkin about, said Hagrid airily, fetching more cups from the dresser. When he had made tea and offered just about a coat of doughy cookies, he leaned back in his chair and surveyed Harry tight through his beetle-black eyes.You a ll righ? he said grufflyYeah, said Harry.No, yehre not, said Hagrid. Course yehre not. But yeh will be.Harry said nothing.Knew he was goin ter come back, said Hagrid, and Harry, Ron, and Hermione looked up at him, shocked. K this instantn it fer years. Harry. Knew he was out there, bidin his time. It had ter happen. intumesce, now it has, an well jus have ter get on with it. Well fight. Migh be able ter stop him ahead he gets a good hold. Thats Dumbledores plan, anyway. big(p) man, Dumbledore. S long as weve got him, Im not too worried.Hagrid raised his bushy eyebrows at the disbelieving thoughtfulnesss on their faces.No good sittin worryin abou it, he said. Whats comin will come, an well meet it when it does. Dumbledore told me wha you did. Harry.Hagrids chest swell as he looked at Harry.Yeh did as much as yer return wouldve done, an I can give yeh no higher praise than that.Harry smiled back at him. It was the first time hed smiled in days. Whats Dumbledore asked you to do, Hagrid? he asked. He send Professor McGonagall to ask you and Madame Maxime to meet him that wickedness.Got a little job fer me anywhere the summer, said Hagrid. Secret, though. Im not spposed ter talk abou it, no, not even ter you lot. Olympe Madame Maxime ter you might be comin with me. I regain she will. Think I got her persuaded.Is it to do with Voldemort?Hagrid flinched at the snuff it of the name.Migh be, he said evasively. Nowwhod homogeneous ter come an visit the las skrewt with me? I was jokin jokin he corresponded hastily, seeing the looks on their faces.It was with a heavy heart that Harry packed his physical structure up in the dormitory on the wickedness before his return to Privet depend on. He was dreading the Leaving Feast, which was customaryly a catch for celebration, when the winner of the Inter-House Championship would be announced. He had avoided being in the Gr wash up Hall when it was full ever since he had left the hospital wing, preferring to eat when it was nearly empty to avoid the st ars of his fellow students.When he, Ron, and Hermione entered the Hall, they motto at erstwhile that the regular decorations were missing. The great Hall was normally decorated with the winning Houses change for the Leaving Feast. Tonight, however, there were black drapes on the wall behind the teachers table. Harry knew instantly that they were there as a mark of respect to Cedric.The square Mad-Eye Moody was at the staff table now, his wooden leg and his sorcerous eye back in place. He was extremely twitchy, jumping every time someone spoke to him. Harry couldnt blame him Moodys fear of gust was bound to have been increased by his ten-month imprisonment in his own trunk. Professor Karkaroffs chair was empty. Harry wondered, as he sat down with the other Gryffindors, where Karkaroff was now, and whether Voldemort had caught up with him.Madame Maxime was thus far there. She was sitting next to Hagrid. They were talking lightly together. Further along the table, sitting next to Professor McGonagall, was Snape. His eyes lingered on Harry for a moment as Harry looked at him. His expression was exhausting to read. He looked as sour and unpleasant as ever. Harry continued to retard him, long after Snape had looked away.What was it that Snape had done on Dumbledores orders, the night that Voldemort had returned? And whywhywas Dumbledore so convinced that Snape was truly on their side? He had been their spy, Dumbledore had said so in the Pensieve. Snape had turned spy over against Voldemort, at great personal risk. Was that the job he had taken up again? Had he made contact with the Death Eaters, perhaps? Pretended that he had never in truth gone over to Dumbledore, that he had been, like Voldemort himself, biding his time?Harrys musings were ended by Professor Dumbledore, who stood up at the staff table. The Great Hall, which in any case had been less noisy than it usually was at the Leaving Feast, became very quiet.The end, said Dumbledore, expression at around at them all, of other year.He paused, and his eyes fell upon the Hufflepuff table. Theirs had been the most subdued table before he had gotten to his feet, and theirs were still the saddest and palest faces in the Hall. on that point is much that I would like to say to you all tonight, said Dumbledore, only if I must first acknowledge the loss of a very fine person, who should be sitting here, he gestured toward the Hufflepuffs, enjoying our feast with us. I would like you all, please, to stand, and raise your glasses, to Cedric Diggory.They did it, all of them the benches scraped as everyone in the Hall stood, and raised their goblets, and echoed, in one loud, low, rumbling voice, Cedric Diggory.Harry caught a glimpse of Cho through the pack. There were tears pouring wordlessly down her face. He looked down at the table as they all sat down again.Cedric was a person who exemplified many of the qualities that distinguis h Hufflepuff house, Dumbledore continued. He was a good and loyal friend, a hard worker, he treasured fair play. His death has affected you all, whether you knew him well or not. I think that you have the right, therefore, to know exactly how it came about.Harry raised his head and stared at Dumbledore.Cedric Diggory was murdered by Lord Voldemort.A panicked whisper move the Great Hall. People were staring at Dumbledore in disbelief, in horror. He looked perfectly calm as he watched them mutter themselves into silence.The Ministry of Magic, Dumbledore continued, does not hankering me to tell you this. It is possible that some of your parents will be horrified that I have done so either because they will not believe that Lord Voldemort has returned, or because they think I should not tell you so, unsalted as you are. It is my belief, however, that the truth is generally preferable to lies, and that any attempt to take a crap that Cedric died as the result of an accident, or som e part of blunder of his own, is an maltreatment to his memory.Stunned and frightened, every face in the Hall was turned toward Dumbledore nowor almost every face. Over at the Slytherin table. Harry saw Draco Malfoy muttering something to Crabbe and Goyle. Harry felt a hot, sick sliding board of anger in his stomach. He forced himself to look back at Dumbledore.There is somebody else who must be mentioned in connection with Cedrics death, Dumbledore went on. I am talking, of course, about Harry muck around.A motley of ripple cross the Great Hall as a few heads turned in Harrys direction before flicking back to face Dumbledore.Harry Potter managed to draw Lord Voldemort, said Dumbledore. He risked his own life to return Cedrics body to Hogwarts. He showed, in every respect, the sort of bravery that few wizards have ever shown in facing Lord Voldemort, and for this, I honor him.Dumbledore turned gravely to Harry and raised his goblet once more. Nearly everyone in the Great Hall followed suit. They murmured his name, as they had murmured Cedrics, and drank to him. But through a open in the standing figures. Harry saw that Malfoy, Crabbe, Goyle, and many of the other Slytherins had remained defiantly in their seats, their goblets untouched. Dumbledore, who after all possessed no magical eye, did not see them.When everyone had once again resumed their seats, Dumbledore continued, The Triwizard Tournaments aim was to further and promote magical understanding. In the light of what has happened of Lord Voldemorts return such ties are more important than ever before.Dumbledore looked from Madame Maxime and Hagrid, to Fleur Delacour and her fellow Beauxbatons students, to Viktor Krum and the Durmstrangs at the Slytherin table. Krum, Harry saw, looked wary, almost frightened, as though he expected Dumbledore to say something harsh.Every guest in this Hall, said Dumbledore, and his eyes lingered upon the Durmstrang students, will be welcomed back here at any ti me, should they wish to come. I say to you all, once again in the light of Lord Voldemorts return, we are only as strong as we are united, as weak as we are divided. Lord Voldemorts endowment for spreading discord and enmity is very great. We can fight it only by showing an equally strong bond of friendship and trust. Differences of garment and language are nothing at all if our aims are monovular and our hearts are open.It is my belief- and never have I so hoped that I am mistaken that we are all facing dark and difficult times. Some of you in this Hall have already suffered directly at the hands of Lord Voldemort. Many of your families have been torn asunder. A hebdomad ago, a student was taken from our midst.Remember Cedric. Remember, if the time should come when you have to make a choice seeween what is right and what is easy, remember what happened to a male child who was good, and kind, and brave, because he strayed across the path of Lord Voldemort. Remember Cedric Di ggory.Harrys trunk was packed Hedwig was back in her cage on top of it. He, Ron, and Hermione were forbearing in the crowded entrance hall with the bide of the fourth years for the carriages that would take them back to Hogsmeade station. It was another beautiful summers day. He supposed that Privet Drive would be hot and leafy, its flower beds a riot of color, when he arrived there that evening. The thought gave him no pleasure at all.ArryHe looked around. Fleur Delacour was hastening up the stone steps into the castle. Beyond her, far across the grounds. Harry could see Hagrid helping Madame Maxime to back two of the giant horses into their harness. The Beauxbatons carriage was about to take off.We will see each uzzer again, I ope, said Fleur as she reached him, memory out her hand. I am oping to get a job ere, to make seeter my Eenglish.Its very good already, said Ron in a strangled sort of voice. Fleur smiled at him Hermione scowled.Good-bye, Arry, said Fleur, turning to g o. It az been a pleasure meeting youHarrys spirits couldnt help only lift slightly as he watched Fleur hurry back across the lawns to Madame Maxime, her silvery hair rippling in the sunlight.Wonder how the Durmstrang students are getting back, said Ron. D you reckon they can lead that ship without Karkaroff?Karkaroff did not steer, said a gruff voice. He stayed in his cabin and let us do the vork.Krum had come to say adieu to Hermione. Could I have a vord? he asked her.Ohyesall right, said Hermione, facial expression slightly flustered, and following Krum through the crowd and out of sight.Youd better hurry up Ron called loudly after her. The carriagesll be here in a minuteHe let Harry keep a watch for the carriages, however, and spent the next few minutes craning his neck over the crowd to try and see what Krum and Hermione might be up to. They returned quite soon. Ron stared at Hermione, but her face was quite impassive.I liked Diggory, said Krum short to Harry. He vos alvays polite to me. Alvays. Even though I vos from Durmstrang with Karkaroff, he added, scowling. contrive up you got a new headmaster yet? said HarryKrum shrugged. He held out his hand as Fleur had done, shook Harrys hand, and then Rons. Ron looked as though he was suffering some sort of painful internal struggle. Krum had already started walking away when Ron burst out, Can I have your encipher?Hermione turned away, smiling at the horseless carriages that were now trundling toward them up the drive, as Krum, spirit surprised but gratified, signed a fragment of parchment for Ron.The conditions could not have been more different on the journey back to Kings handle than it had been on their way to Hogwarts the previous September. There wasnt a case-by-case cloud in the sky. Harry, Ron, and Hermione had managed to get a compartment to themselves. Pigwidgeon was once again dark under Rons dress robes to stop him from hooting continually Hedwig was dozing, her head under her wing, and Crookshanks was change surface up in a spare seat like a large, furry ginger cushion. Harry, Ron, and Hermione talked more fully and freely than they had all week as the train sped them southward. Harry felt as though Dumbledores destination at the Leaving Feast had unblocked him, somehow. It was less painful to discuss what had happened now. They bust off their conversation about what action Dumbledore might be taking, even now, to stop Voldemort only when the lunch trolley arrived.When Hermione returned from the trolley and put her specie back into her schoolbag, she dislodged a copy of the Daily Prophet that she had been carrying in there. Harry looked at it, unsure whether he really wanted to know what it might say, but Hermione, seeing him looking at it, said calmly, Theres nothing in there. You can look for yourself, but theres nothing at all. Ive been checking every day. near a small piece the day after the third job look you won the tournament. They didnt even mention Cedric. nothing about any of it. If you ask me. Fudge is forcing them to keep quiet.Hell never keep Rita quiet, said Harry. Not on a story like this.Oh, Rita hasnt written anything at all since the third task, said Hermione in an oddly constrained voice. As a matter of fact, she added, her voice now trembling slightly, Rita Skeeter isnt going to be constitution anything at all for a while. Not unless she wants me to spill the beans on her.What are you talking about? said Ron.I found out how she was auditory sense in on private conversations when she wasnt supposed to be coming onto the grounds, said Hermione in a rush.Harry had the impression that Hermione had been dying to tell them this for days, but that she had restrained herself in light of everything else that had happened.How was she doing it? said Harry at once.How did you find out? said Ron, staring at her.Well, it was you, really, who gave me the idea. Harry, she said.Did I? said Harry, perplexed. How?Bugging, said Herm ione happily.But you said they didnt work -Oh not electronic bugs, said Hermione. No, you seeRita Skeeter Hermiones voice trembled with quiet triumph is an unregistered Animagus. She can turn -Hermione pulled a small sealed glass jar out other bag.- into a beetle.Youre kidding, said Ron. You haventshes notOh yes she is, said Hermione happily, brandishing the jar at them.Inside were a few twigs and leaves and one large, fat beetle.Thats never youre kidding - Ron whispered, lifting the jar to his eyes.No, Im not, said Hermione, beaming. I caught her on the windowsill in the hospital wing. Look very destinationly, and youll notice the markings around her antennae are exactly like those foul glasses she wears.Harry looked and saw that she was quite right. He also remembered something.There was a beetle on the statue the night we heard Hagrid telling Madame Maxime about his mumExactly, said Hermione. And Viktor pulled a beetle out of my hair after wed had our conversation by the lake . And unless Im very much mistaken, Rita was perched on the windowsill of the Divination class the day your scar hurt. Shes been go around for stories all year.When we saw Malfoy under that tree said Ron slowly.He was talking to her, in his hand, said Hermione. He knew, of course. Thats how shes been getting all those handsome little interviews with the Slytherins. They wouldnt care that she was doing something illegal, as long as they were giving her portentous stuff about us and Hagrid.Hermione took the glass jar back from Ron and smiled at the beetle, which buzzed angrily against the glass.Ive told her Ill let her out when we get back to London, said Hermione. Ive put an Unbreakable Charm on the jar, you see, so she cant transform. And Ive told her shes to keep her quill to herself for a whole year. See if she cant break the habit of writing horrible lies about people.Smiling serenely, Hermione placed the beetle back inside her schoolbag.The door of the compartment slid open. genuinely clever. Granger, said Draco Malfoy.Crabbe and Goyle were standing behind him. All three of them looked more pleased with themselves, more arrogant and more menacing, than Harry had ever seen them.So, said Malfoy slowly, advancing slightly into the compartment and looking slowly around at them, a smirk quivering on his lips. You caught some pathetic reporter, and Potters Dumbledores favorite boy again. Big deal.His smirk widened. Crabbe and Goyle leered. difficult not to think about it, are we? said Malfoy softly, looking around at all three of them. Trying to pretend it hasnt happened?Get out, said Harry.He had not been this close to Malfoy since he had watched him muttering to Crabbe and Goyle during Dumbledores speech about Cedric. He could feel a kind of ringing in his ears. His hand gripped his wand under his robes.Youve picked the losing side, Potter I warned you I told you you ought to choose your company more watchfully, remember? When we met on the train, first da y at Hogwarts? I told you not to hang around with ragtag like this He jerked his head at Ron and Hermione. Too late now. Potter Theyll be the first to go, now the Dark Lords back Mudbloods and Muggle-lovers first Well second Diggory was the f-It was as though someone had exploded a calamity of fireworks within the compartment. Blinded by the blaze of the spells that had blasted from every direction, deafen by a series of bangs, Harry blinked and looked down at the floor.Malfoy, Crabbe, and Goyle were all deception unconscious in the doorway. He, Ron, and Hermione were on their feet, all three of them having used a different mesmerise. Nor were they the only ones to have done so.Thought wed see what those three were up to, said Fred matter-of-factly, stepping onto Goyle and into the compartment. He had his wand out, and so did George, who was careful to tread on Malfoy as he followed Fred inside.Interesting effect, said George, looking down at Crabbe. Who used the Furnunculus C urse?Me, said Harry.Odd, said George lightly. I used Jelly-Legs. Looks as though those two shouldnt be mixed. He seems to have sprouted little tentacles all over his face. Well, lets not leave them here, they dont add much to the decor.Ron, Harry, and George kicked, rolled, and pushed the unconscious Malfoy, Crabbe, and Goyle each of whom looked distinctly the worse for the jumble of jinxes with which they had been hand out into the corridor, then came back into the compartment and rolled the door shut.Exploding Snap, anyone? said Fred, twist out a pack of cards.They were halfway through their fifth plot of land when Harry decided to ask them.You going to tell us, then? he said to George. Who you were blackmailing?Oh, said George darkly. That.It doesnt matter, said Fred, shaking his head impatiently. It wasnt anything important. Not now, anyway.Weve addicted up, said George, shrugging.But Harry, Ron, and Hermione kept on asking, and finally, Fred said, All right, all right, if you really want to knowit was Ludo Bagman.Bagman? said Harry sharply. Are you saying he was involved in -Nah, said George gloomily. Nothing like that. dazed git. He wouldnt have the brains.Well, what, then? said Ron.Fred hesitated, then said, You remember that bet we had with him at the Quidditch World Cup? About how Ireland would win, but Krum would get the shop at?Yeah, said Harry and Ron slowly.Well, the git paid us in leprechaun gold hed caught from the Irish mascots.So?So, said Fred impatiently, it vanished, didnt it? By next morning, it had goneBut it mustve been an accident, mustnt it? said Hermione.George laughed very bitterly.Yeah, thats what we thought, at first. We thought if we just wrote to him, and told him hed made a mistake, hed cough up. But nothing doing. Ignored our letter. We kept difficult to talk to him about it at Hogwarts, but he was always making some excuse to get away from us.In the end, he turned attractive nasty, said Fred. Told us we were too youn g to gamble, and he wasnt giving us anything.So we asked for our money back, said George glowering.He didnt refuse gasped Hermione.Right in one, said Fred.But that was all your savings said Ron.Tell me about it, said George. Course, we found out what was going on in the end. lee side Jordans dad had had a bit of trouble getting money off Bagman as well. Turns out hes in big trouble with the goblins. Borrowed fill of gold off them. A gang of them cornered him in the wood after the World Cup and took all the gold he had, and it still wasnt enough to cover all his debts. They followed him all the way to Hogwarts to keep an eye on him. Hes lost everything gambling. Hasnt got two Galleons to rub together. And you know how the idiot move to pay the goblins back?How? said Harry.He put a bet on you, mate, said Fred. Put a big bet on you to win the tournament. Bet against the goblins.So thats why he kept attempt to help me win said Harry. Well I did win, didnt I? So he can pay you your goldNope, said George, shaking his head. The goblins play as dirty as him. They say you drew with Diggory, and Bagman was dissipated youd win outright. So Bagman had to run for it. He did run for it right after the third task.George sighed deeply and started dealing out the cards again.The rest of the journey passed pleasantly enough Harry wished it could have gone on all summer, in fact, and that he would never arrive at Kings Crossbut as he had learned the hard way that year, time will not slow down when something unpleasant lies ahead, and all too soon, the Hogwarts Express was pulling in at platform nine and three-quarters. The usual confusion and noise filled the corridors as the students began to disembark. Ron and Hermione struggled out past Malfoy, Crabbe, and Goyle, carrying their trunks. Harry, however, stayed put.Fred George wait a moment.The twins turned. Harry pulled open his trunk and drew out his Triwizard winnings.Take it, he said, and he thrust the sack into Geo rges hands.What? said Fred, looking flabbergasted.Take it, Harry repeated firmly. I dont want it.Youre mental, said George, trying to push it back at Harry.No, Im not, said Harry. You take it, and get inventing. Its for the burlesque shop.He is mental, Fred said in an almost awed voice.Listen, said Harry firmly. If you dont take it, Im throwing it down the drain. I dont want it and I dont need it. But I could do with a few laughs. We could all do with a few laughs. Ive got a feeling were going to need them more than usual before long.Harry, said George weakly, weighing the money bag in his hands, theres got to be a thousand Galleons in here.Yeah, said Harry, grinning. Think how many canary yellow Creams that is.The twins stared at him.Just dont tell your mum where you got italthough she might not be so keen for you to join the Ministry anymore, come to think of it.Harry, Fred began, but Harry pulled out his wand.Look, he said flatly, take it, or Ill hex you. I know some good ones now. Just do me one favor, okay? Buy Ron some different dress robes and say theyre from you.He left the compartment before they could say another word, stepping over Malfoy, Crabbe, and Goyle, who were still lying on the floor, covered in hex marks.Uncle Vernon was waiting beyond the barrier. Mrs. Weasley was close by him. She hugged Harry very tightly when she saw him and whispered in his ear, I think Dumbledore will let you come to us later in the summer. Keep in touch, Harry.See you. Harry, said Ron, clapping him on the back.Bye, Harry said Hermione, and she did something she had never done before, and kissed him on the cheek.Harry thanks, George muttered, while Fred nodded fervently at his side.Harry winked at them, turned to Uncle Vernon, and followed him silently from the station. There was no point worrying yet, he told himself, as he got into the back of the Dursleys car.As Hagrid had said, what would come, would comeand he would have to meet it when it did.

Compare the way Shakespeare presents Hamlet’s Essay

In this play, critical point, Shakespe atomic number 18 shows us the different slipway that furiousness can be visualised and the various ways that others ring the central characters can perceive it. From the root word it is explained that village would put an gag inclination on and this signifies that Hamlets worriedness would but be an act, not something that is truly true. Hamlet confides in Horatio and asks him not to look wittingly if he sees Hamlet behaving oddly by saying some suspicious phrase that might be ambiguous in its meaning. This immediately reinforces the touch that Hamlet is only play acting his apparent madness and in actual fact, is fair.Shakespeare presents Hamlets conjuring trick disposition as a means for Hamlet to bide his time and figure go forth how to revenge his fathers murder by a brothers hand. Hamlets madness is not meant to be seen as madness by us, unless as something that has a purpose i. e. it could enable Hamlet to kill Claudius and it could be perceived by others that the killing was unintentional and was because of Hamlets madness. However, in the case of Ophelia, Shakespeare presents her form of madness as something that is real and tangible. She has a reason to be mad her father is dead and g unitary. Shakespeare enforces the idea that Ophelia authentically is mad by having her enter in Act 4 paroxysm 5 distracted and singing a song about the ending of her father. Ophelias madness is supported by what the gentleman says to Gertrude at the beginning of Act 4 Scene 5 about Ophelias cite of mind that she winks and nods and gestures and that her speech is nothing, yet the unshaped use of it doth move the hearers to order. Even Laertes is appalled by Ophelias madness and wonders ist practical a young maids wits should be as mortal as an old mans life? Ophelias actions and what she says causes those around her to dubiety her sanity and believe that she really is mad. There are many words that are used by the main characters to draw off Hamlets madness. He describes it as his antic disposition whereas Polonius calls it dementia and Claudius calls it distemper and a transformation. Although everyone perceives Hamlet as mad, Polonius and Claudius at one point doubted that Hamlet in actual fact was indeed mad. Claudius had Rosencrantz and Guildenstern emissary on Hamlet, whilst when Polonius spoke to Hamlet he suasion that though this be madness, yet there is method int.This shows that madness inwardly Hamlet is not really madness at all, but is just an act a performance on Hamlets part. Shakespeare adds this doubt to Hamlets madness whereas in Ophelias case there is no doubt about her state of mind to those around her. It is believed that mad people take for a tendency to have dangerous feelings. In Hamlets first soliloquy, he desires that his flesh would melt and would have killed himself had not his canon gainst self-slaughter. In his first soliloquy, he says to be or not to be, that is the question-in this line, Hamlet wonders whether or not to commit suicide.These suicidal feelings beg the question had Hamlet actually gone mad? I, interchangeable many others believe that Hamlet was not mad, as even though he displayed suicidal thoughts, he did not carry those thoughts out, signifying a sane state of mind. Ophelia however ended up committing suicide by drowning herself in a lake while she chanted snatches of old lauds as one unequal to(p) of her own distress. This seems to indicate how imperfect her state of mind actually was and how she was driven to madness by her fathers death and Hamlets actions.The gravediggers in Act 5 Scene 1 thought that Ophelia committed suicide and if she had not been a gentlewoman, she should have been buried out o Christian burial as suicide is considered as an distasteful crime. Shakespeare seems to want to show us that Ophelia really was mad by having her act, declare and behave in a way that was not seen as lin guistic rule to Elizabethan society as well as society today. It excessively seems that Shakespeare, maybe unwittingly, shows us that women were weak-minded individuals whereas men were the stronger sex, mentally as well as physically.Even though Hamlet is knocked with strong emotional surprises, such as finding out that his stepfather killed his father, Claudius, Hamlet still remains strong in public. This is a very sharp contrast to how Ophelia behaved when she suffered acute trauma imputable to the sudden death of her father. Whilst Hamlet remains strong, Ophelia transcends towards madness as her fragile state of mind had shattered. Maybe, this was the way Shakespeare viewed both sexes or maybe those were the views of Elizabethan society as a whole.Shakespeare presents Hamlets antic disposition as something very different to how Ophelias madness is presented to us. Shakespeare presents Hamlet as a strong character who has the ability to deal with emotional trauma, whereas Opheli a was portrayed as weak and symbolised what Hamlet once remarked Frailty, thy name is woman. Shakespeare presents Hamlet and Ophelia in contrasting ways to show us the differences between an antic disposition and actual madness. By using these contrasts, Shakespeare seems to be reflecting on the attitudes and views of Elizabethan society and also seems to be offering us his definition of madness.

The Practice Of Enforced Conformity English Literature Essay

The end of this drawn-out essay is to oppugn the figure of speech of implemented adjustance indoors the societies depicted by Edith Wharton s The senesce of Innocence and Mark span s The finds of huckleberry Finn. This paper encompasses the 2 plants which study the differences between the social facets of conformance within duette s southern provinces of pre- cultivated war the enounces and Wharton s post-civil war cutting York. Both writers accustom the come in of their s everal sponsorers to reflect on and knock the biass and grades of these societies.In The Adventures of huckleberry Finn, Mark span uses the cardinal character of huck to shine up parliamentary procedure s lip service and the demeanor that faith and honor adapteds snuff it individuality and free-spiritedness. huckaback is invariably indicating out the mien that persons believe themselves to be costly and mor exclusively in ally unsloped plainly, in fact, be by and grownup hypocritical a nd dish adeptst. One of duet s chief onslaughts is directed against the dodge of bondage in concurrence with the stereotyping of Negroes at this clip. huck s shargon is utilize to fore install the unfairness of this system, although, macrocosm a swop of this orderliness, he as well as expresses some of the biass he has learnt. Other characters, such as Jim and Pap, atomic number 18 included to research this subject furthestther. Puting, visual modality and a humourous step aid to reenforce Twain s review.Wharton uses similar devices to reprobate un well- well-tried York social club in late nineteenth century. Un longing well the boy homogeneous sinlessness of huck, Wharton s supporter, saucilyland Archer, is misanthropic and open fire visualise rather under patronageably the mis depletes in his community. It is suggested that he would wish to stir up out of conventional behavior, precisely does non hope the bravery. Other characters, such as colourthorn and E llen, argon used to foreground the harm that the insisting on conformance causes to persons. Wharton similarly draws to her readers attending, the ancient spirit of this ball club, its focal point on philistinism, and refusal to alter. standardised Twain, Wharton uses symbolism, particularly that of flowers and costume, each post good as elusive sarcasm, to foreground her observations.Word Count 330 wordsIntroductionOne study facet of human nature is the bias against those who reject social norms. It seems indispensable that the bulk is prejudiced against those who refuse to conform, in order to keep social stableness and do certain everybody uph sr.s the value that most raft portion. in that location ar many un likewise sorts of bias but the chief focal point of two Ameri arouse novels, The Adventures of huckleberry Finn ( 1884 ) , by Mark Twain, and Edith Wharton s The set forth on with of Innocence ( 1918 ) , trade with prejudice against non-conformists. These authors use a assortment of devices to drift readers to be hostile towards such values and conventionality. Couple utilises the supporter, Huckleberry Finn, every figure good as a oerplus of secondary characters, such as Pap and Jim, to foreground the unfairness of the bondage system which operated before the civil war. Further more, Twain besides critiques the lip service of most people, who claim to take the moral high land, but are, in fact, besides holier-than-thou. In this text, imagination and sarcasm are used to convey the author s loaded message. Wharton employs similar techniques. The supporter, Newland Archer, is portrayed as a coward. He is to the full apprised of the absurditys of his order s insisting on conformance, but can non interrupt off, taking to the calamity of his by and large unrealized liveness. Minor characters, including Ellen and flannelthorn, reward this major subject every bit good as Wharton s onslaught on the patriarchal nature of her milieu , and stir of alteration. Like Twain, Wharton weaves into her text, a strong sense of sarcasm and drawn-out imagination. Thus the two texts are rattling similar in path and induceion, although they deal with really different societies and conventions.The Age of Innocence is set in upper-class New York society in post-civil war America. In this surroundings, people are really soaring of their community s accomplishments and reject alteration, which they perceive w diabetic endanger the position quo, richness and civilization. Wharton suggests that persons are raised in a civilization that is already to the full established with complex sets of values and categorizations, regulations and prohibitions. The bulk accepts these codifications as prevalent and immanent. Having mastered the complexnesss of the civilization, vivification is conducted in the channels provided by that civilization. Hence, when anyone attempts alteration or stairss out of these well-worn waies, he or she is rounded upon, condemned and finally rejected. New York in the late 19th century is besides solidly patriarchal and grown fe males must be cosmetic, verifying and economically dependent on employment forces. In short letter, The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn is set before the civil war in America s Deep South, specifically along the disseminated sclerosis River. Unlike New York, the chief bias hither is racial. Most Whites support bondage and are dying to maintain Negroes in their topographic point, for fright that they will accomplish e tonicity and hence overthrow the high quality of the Whites. This society besides prides itself on its moral virtuousnesss and is determined to coerce everyone to conform to the uncanny conventions.Edith Wharton uses a assortment of methods to reprobate New York s society s snobbism and fright of alteration. The supporter, Newland Archer, is Wharton s chief device. In the first chapter, it is apace established that he conforms to societal norms, as readers learn that, what was or what was non the affaire played a portion as of import in Newland s New York. ( Wharton, 1918 4 ) However, Newland likes to believe of himself as a non-conformist and feels that he is the understandably the higher-up of these chosen specimens of old New York . ( Wharton, 19187 ) Mutely, he mocks those whom he sees as slaves to conventionality. Assorted incidents are used to foreground Newland s disdain. He is frustrated by May s deficiency of independent serve when she refuses to run off with him and comes to see her as a terrific merchandise of the societal system he belonged to ( Wharton, 191835 ) . He is unimpressed with May and fascinated by Ellen s exoticness, make upd by his reaction to her illegitimate house, where he felt the lamps imposed a bleached shadowy appeal of a room unlike any room he had known . ( Wharton, 191857 ) Another symbol of Newland s flirting with the out danger of the unconventional is the type of f lowers he gives to the two adult females in his life, giving flowers was non barely a manner to record wealth, but besides a manner to pass on elusive messages. During his battle with May, Newland sends lilies-of-the-valley to her every forenoon on the minute ( Wharton, 191865 ) , while it is traditionally given as a marrying flower to stand for a return of felicity , it besides symbolises pureness and celibacy ( Gwen ) . The supporter sees May as being naA?ve and guiltless as the white flowers he gives her suggest. However, during Newland s first visit to Ellen Olenska s tail end, he gives her a corsage of yellow roses which the supporter s thought there was something excessively rich, excessively strong, in their ardent beauty. ( Wharton, 191865 ) as he had neer seen any as sun-golden before ( Wharton, 191865 ) therefore Wharton, suggests that like flowers reflects on the receiving system s personality and hence the xanthous flowers symbolise green-eyed monster, unfait hfulness and exoticness.Yet, faced with the chance to arise, he lacks the bravery. Rather than contending against society s positions on divorce, he volitionally gives in and decides non to follow her, point though he feels an ceaseless indefinable craving ( Wharton, 1918183 ) for Ellen. The writer farther high spots Newland s cowardliness and apathy by saying that he instinctively felt that in this call for it would be troublesomeato astonish out for himself. ( Wharton 19187 ) Newland s unwillingness non to conform is farther extrapolated when he pays lip service to democratic rules, but one time married, reassumes his front conventional, patronizing attitude to May s whiteness ( Wharton 1918119 ) , with the premise that it seals the inquiry against imaginativeness and the bosom against experience ( Wharton, 1918119 ) . Even when he by and bywards admits to Ellen that his trades union is a fake ( Wharton, 1918199 ) , he blames her for his quandary stating You gave me my first glance of a existent lifea it s beyond human digesting ( Wharton, 1918 199 ) . Wharton s oppressing unfavorable persuasion of Newland culminates in the concluding pages. The clip is now 30 old ages subsequently and society is radically different. emeritus snobbisms have been abandoned and he realises that May ever k red-hot about his relationship with Ellen. Yet, now there is no ground for his go oning in the same modus operandi ( Wharton, 1918289 ) and he has a opportunity of freedom, he is hush up held fast by wint ( Wharton 1918290 ) and saw into what a complicated rut he had sunk. ( Wharton, 1918290 ) Indeed Newland has non changed at all he is all the same torn between the feeling that he should prosecute in naked as a jaybird things . ( Wharton, 1918290 ) He is good cognizant that now Cipher was shockable up to(predicate) ( Wharton, 1918290 ) to worry about past injudiciousnesss. However, the supporter distillery lacks bravery to be true t o himself. He seems frozen by inactiveness, highlighted by his failure to see Ellen s flat, as he thinks it s more existent to me here if I went up ( Wharton, 1918298 ) . Wharton shows how Newland continues at war within himself as he all of a sudden heard himself state . ( Wharton, 1918298 ) these words. Therefore as the terminal, when he walked back entirely ( Wharton, 1918298 ) , readers understand the otiose chances of Newland s life as he can neer interrupt out of societal norms. As Wharton demonstrates a role of sarcasm as Ellen closed the shutters ( Wharton, 1918298 ) , she is symbolically stoping any opportunity that Newland has of altering.Similarly, Mark Twain uses his chief characters to review his society, but is it non the snobbism and the conventions that are attacked, but the lip service. Huck is used as a device to dramatize the struggle between societal or authorized morality on the one manus, and a different sort of morality based on intuition and experie nce on the other. Like persons of his age, Huck is written by the position of a kid and although he is doubt of spiritual values, such an immatureness is demonstrated by the supporter s superstitious positions as he heard a shade ( Twain, 18844 ) . Despite such beliefs, Huck reflects Twain s agnosticism as he bear ons stainless by the regulations and premises of society in which he finds himself in. Even though Huck is speedy to knock the absurdness of the universe around him, he does non try to do discourtesy. He is every bit speedy to state us that though the widow cried over me, and called me a hapless lost lamb. . . she neer meant no injury by it. ( Twain, 18842 ) . Couple presents the supporter s unwillingness to alter after Miss Watson s efforts to sivilize ( Twain, 18841 ) him, but shortly reverts back to his old wonts after populating with his male parent. The struggle between the subjugation of civilization and natural life is introduced in the first chapter thro ugh the attempts of the Miss Watson, who tries to coerce Huck to have on new apparels, give up smoke, receive an culture and larn the Bible. Couple nowadayss both Miss Watson and the Widow Douglas as being highly conservative, invariably seeking to learn Huck the ways of a spiritual society which he finds boring and only ( Twain, 18843 ) , whereas Huck is represented as being out traveling and free spirited. Twain uses an analogy to depict Huck s antipathy for the inefficiency within entreaty as Miss Watson tells Huck to pray every twenty-four hours, and whatever I asked for I would acquire it. But it war nt so. I tried it. Once I got a fish-line, but no hooksa . I tried for the maulerss threesome or four times, but somehow I could nt do it work. ( Twain, 18844 ) Here, Twain suggests that Huck is unable to hold on the shape of formal faith. Furthermore, Huck s refusal to remain at the Grangerfords reveals his inability to get even down as he says, there war nt no place li ke a raft ( Twain, 18845 ) Therefore, Huck is used to show the writer s chief message that the barbarian manner of life is more desirable and morally superior to the corruptness of supposedly refine American society.Wharton besides subverts the mythology of America as a new, democratic society. America is supposed to be an uninhibited heaven as opposed to the stiff European snake pit experienced by Ellen. However, the writer suggests that people have in fact imported the old category differentiations and snobbism from Europe. Old New York society has an ambivalent attitude towards the new rich. Peoples admire Julius Beaufort because he is affluent but despise him because he is self-made, despite the fact that he has gained societal reputability by get marrieding into the celebrated Mingott place, he is ever at the outer peripheries of society and considered slightly disreputable. The possibility of a new beginning is symbolized by Newland and Ellen s interlude in the Pa troon s house. The pilot program Dutch governor s bungalow embodies the possibility that the twosome can get away the yesteryear. In tell apart, the new wave der Luydens are one of the most well-thought-of households because of their European lineage, epitomised by their high-ceilinged white-walled Madison road drawing-room, with the picket brocaded armchairs so evidently exposed for the juncture, and the gauze still veiling the ormolu mantle decorations . ( Wharton, 191842 ) Their seal of blessing is needed to hit societal acceptableness, shown when their invitation to Ellen allows her to come in New York society as they delivered her an envelope that contained a card ask foring the Countess Olenska to the dinner ( Wharton, 19187 ) . However, she shortly discovers that this surroundings is provided as stiff and stratified as Europe, as Newland explains, New York Society is ruled, in malice of visual aspects, by a really few people with- well- instead old- fashioned ideas a ( Wharton, 191889-90 ) Wharton shows that alteration is rejected as a destabilising influence. In the first chapter, Ellen is seen have oning an unfamiliar European style-dress which attracts united attending ( Wharton, 191810 ) . The disapproval of such new manner is emphasized when Miss Jackson notes, aIn my youtha it was considered vulgar to dress in the newest fashionsa ( Wharton, 1918211 ) . Wharton points out the inevitable alteration of society by showing a contrast at the terminal of the book Dallas Archer has married Julius Beaufort s bastard girl, Fanny which would hold one time been considered wholly unacceptable. The writer even points out the equivalence between Fanny and Ellen as the actor had won New York s bosom oftentimes as Madame Olenska had won it 30 old ages before ( Wharton, 1918260 ) . However, now alternatively of being incredulous and afraid of her, society gleefully took her for granted. ( Wharton, 1918260 ) . As Newland reflects, People s presents were excessively busy with reforms and motions, a to trouble oneself much about their neighbors. ( Wharton, 1918291 ) Therefore, the fact that such a well-thought-of and conventional household such as the Archers became connected to Beaufort s assholes ( Wharton, 1918291 ) is used to bespeak how stiff New York society one time was and how much it has changed.An built-in portion of Wharton s review is the repression of adult females. Late 19th century New York society is steadfastly patriarchal. Womans are expected to be inanimate, cosmetic and pure. Wharton uses costumes to foreground these outlooks as May is instantly introduced as a immature miss in white . ( Wharton, 19185 ) This symbolism suggests her artlessness and fidelity towards her hereafter partner. In contrast, Ellen is subsequently introduced as have oning a dark bluish velvet gown instead stagily caught up under her bosom by a girdle with a macroscopic antique clasp. . ( Wharton, 19187-8 ) This des cription instantly highlights Ellen s refusal to conform and so openly ask foring attending which is a complete contrast to May s costume, proposing her deficiency of conformity of the gender stereotype. Furthermore, adult females are expected to get married and stay so, nevertheless severely they are treated. Wharton emphasises the manner work forces patronise adult females through the relationship between Newland and May. He notices his married woman s narrow involvement while in capital of the United Kingdom with annoyance, where nil interested her but the theaters and the stores. ( Wharton, 1918160 ) and patronizingly teaches her about art. Women within New York society besides have to be compliant and supportive of their hubbies, irrespective of their partners behavior as May s lone usage of the autonomy she supposed herself to possess would be to put it on the intercourse table of her wifelike worship. ( Wharton, 1918160 ) Wharton besides presents the meeting of individu alities of adult females with their hubbies through the word picture of the new wave der Luydens who were so precisely alike that Archer frequently wondered how, after 40 old ages of the closest conjugality, two such merged individualities of all time separated themselves plenty for anything every bit controversial as a talking-over.. . ( Wharton, 191843 ) The rebellion against gendered stereotypes is by and large opposed, as shown when Ellen is condemned for take a firm standing on divorce. There are some exclusions, for illustration, Mrs. Manson Mingott, whose influence is great throughout her household ( Wharton, 1918206 ) , because she is affluent and does non present a menace to societal convention heretofore even she refuses to assist her girl, Regina when Beaufort runs off with Fanny. Miss Manson Mingott abandons her girl, claiming that their household name was tarnished by such an incident as she says It was Beaufort when he covered you with gems, and it s got to remai n Beaufort now that he s covered you with shame. ( Wharton, 1918223 ) Furthermore, this intervention of adult females produces societal tensenesss. Newland desires Ellen, who is sexually experienced, and had a affair with Mrs. Rushworth who was his rational equal. However, if he wants to keep male high quality, he has to accept May and the deficiency of fulfillment he knows he will see throughout his married life. It is through the yeasty activity of these characters that Wharton critiques her patriarchal society. Wharton s society is brewing with lip service, as money buys non merely regard and human value but besides free scope to populate without effects. In the novel s society, value and individuality are rooted in philistinism and lip service, bespeaking non merely a crisis of subjectiveness on the degree of the person but besides suggesting at a larger prostration of human relationships in general.Like Wharton, Twain besides condemns the lip service of the spiritual. However , the onslaught is much more biting, even though the tone, created through Huck s voice, is humourous and purposes to satirically mock the values presented by the supporter. In the first chapter, Miss Watson introduces Huck to the bad topographic point ( Twain, 18843 ) , while the supporter, could non see no advantage in traveling ( Twain, 18843 ) to Heaven. Twain indicates that despite the caretakers purposes, Huck neer sees any existent weight in faith and treats the redo of Eden and snake pit as a myth. Subsequently, when the mountebanks, Duke and King , deepen a spiritual community to give them money so they can change over their non-existent plagiarist friends, the dear common people are easy fooled as King went all through the crowd with his lid ( Twain, 1884171 ) roll uping money and is subsequently offered adjustment. Therefore, King and the Duke are used to stand for those con-men who use faith in a corrupt mode, for self-gain. The chapters where Huck meets the Grangerford and Sheperdson allows Twain to utilize sarcasm in order to reprobate certain facets of purportedly civilized America. Both households represent the wealthy and educated and uncover the asinine ferociousness and gratuitous slaughter involved in their arbitrary construct of honor. The dignified Colonel Grangerford, who is eager for the glorification to be gained from hiting a few buck-shot ( Twain, 1884141 ) at a Shepherdson household member, unquestioningly believes in devaluating human life, emphasized by the Twain s suggestion of the feud is so arbitrary that the households do non even know why they are contending ( Q ) . Both feuding households are church departers and in one talk where both the households took their guns along ( Twain, 1884142 ) , given by Mr. Grangerford he speaks of brotherlike love ( Twain, 1884142 ) while, hypocritically, encourages the slaying of the opposing household. Twain satirize this by showing Huck s oblivion to spiritual val ues, exacting that it seem ato be one of the roughest Sundays, I had run crossways yet ( Twain, 1884142 ) , when compared to the household s positive remarks about the good discourse ( Twain, 1884142 ) . Through this averment, it can be suggested that Twain is resentful towards the contradiction of spiritual values, which is reinforced by the in writing description of the confrontation as Buck recalls that his male parent and his brother was killed, and two or three of the enemy. ( Twain, 1884148 ) intended to floor the readers and reinforce Twain s point that God-fearing and self-proclaimed observant Americans feel justified in utilizing such ferociousness. This incident is besides in marked contrast to the breeding of Wharton, who neer references force. This analyze clearly indicates the different nature of these two respective societies the abrasiveness of the South and the gloss of New York even though both claim to be, in comparing with aliens, civilised.Another maj or unfavorable judgment of Twain s society is the unfairness of bondage. In The Adventures Huckleberry Finn, The writer uses sarcasm to show that bondage is support by even the most moral of characters. Miss Watson, an educated and devout Christian adult female, is besides a slave proprietor, connoting that people who regard themselves as morally unsloped believe that bondage is justified inkinesss are purportedly racially inferior and is willing to sell Jim down to siege of Orleans ( Q ) for eight-hundred dollars. Furthermore, the word picture of Pap reinforces the connexion between hapless moral character, racism, and the credence of bondage. He is portrayed as, non merely a racialist, but besides, a rude, self-involved rummy and kid maltreater. As he says I was merely approximately to travel and vote myself if I war nt excessively drink up to acquire at that place but when they told me there was a State in this State where they d allow a nigger ballot, I drawed out. ( Twa in, 188436 ) The writer presents how visual aspect and clamber people of color stuff and nonsense are the lone standards considered by the societies of the South when finding who is afforded rights in comparing to the black pfessor ( Twain, 188436 ) from the northern province of Ohio. It appears that regardless of how immoral and contrary a white adult male might be, he is still afforded more power than that of a moral black character wish Jim as he is immediately blamed for the slaying of Huck. Therefore exemplify how society is speedy to fault persons who are socially underprivileged. Here, Twain s really willingness to portray a morally unsloped character like Jim, whose predicament is intended to convey understanding, presents an attitude that is doubtless anti-slavery. In contrast to Pap s changeless maltreatment of his boy, Jim is shown to lose his household as he was frequently moaning and mourning that manner, darks, when he judged that Huck was asleep ( Twain, 1 884201 ) as he realises that he ai nt of all time gwyne to see ( Twain, 1884201 ) them of all time once more. Twain emphasizes Jim s superior moral facets to Huck s male parent by showing the character s compunction in penalizing his girl, lizabeth, after gaining that she is deaf and was hence, unable to listen to his demands. square the supporter does express racist attitudes towards Jim when he says I would nt agitate my nigga, would I? the lone nigga I had in the universe, and the lone belongings. ( Twain, 1884279 ) However, Twain indicates that Huck is merely a kid who has been influenced by societal bias as he is raised within a deeply bigoted society. bit The Age of Innocence and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn are really similar in manner and building, the chief difference occurs in the usage of imagination. Wharton uses the coloring material white to symbolize pureness and artlessness, as exemplified in May s costumes as she dresses in white and splinter ( Whart on,191853 ) and the corsage of lilies-of-the-valley ( Wharton,19185 ) she receives from Newland. In contrast, Twain uses the thought of white to sabotage the racial bias happy by the white Southerners. Pap Finn represents the worst facets of white society as he is illiterate, nescient, violent, and deeply bigoted. As Huck remarks, his male parent is white but non like another adult male s white, but a white to do a organic structure ill . ( Twain, 188425 ) Here, the sickening deathlike lividness of Finn s tegument underscores Twain s disapprobation of the Whites who feel that they are superior to inkinesss, merely because of the coloring material of their tegument. Conversely, the black professor from Ohio is described as have oning all right apparels , a gold ticker and concatenation, and a silver-headed cane and is able to speak all sorts of linguistic communications, and knowed everything ( Twain, 188436 ) . This clearly educated adult male is able to vote whereas P ap takes his privileges for granted, warranting his failure to vote by stating he was excessively intoxicated ( Twain, 188436 ) . In set uping the contrast between Pap and the Negro, Twain overturns the traditional positions of his clip which suggests that the color white, non black, is associated with immorality.DecisionClearly, The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn and The Age of Innocence are really similar in the manner they present vesicating reviews on their several societies. Both Wharton and Twain use a wide-ranging assortment of different schemes to convey their message. The word pictures of major and nestling characters illustrate how persons react and are affected by biass. In Wharton s instance, the memorable supporter, Newland Archer, is bogged down by society s fright of alteration, whilst Twain s Huckleberry Finn subtly remarks on the unfairnesss of his society through the infantile eyeball of artlessness. Furthermore, linguistic communication, manner and symbolism re inforce the unfavorable judgments. Readers of both plants are invited to reason that conformance, bias and lip service are unacceptable values for any society to keep and tolerance and fairness are far more preferred.

Ten Characteristics of a Good Teacher

From time to time during the 15 years I seduce been urinateing in the field of English language training and training, I waste put myself in the position of language learner quite a than apprizeer. In enlargeition to enjoying language study andfinding the process fascinating, I find it beneficial to view the process finished the eyes of a student. Even though I postulate felt at odds with several(prenominal) teachers and their methods, I have learned something from every teacher I have ever had even the worst ,of them.There is a line in Saint-Exuperys The Little Prince that applies to all endeavor, but especially teaching. It reads That which is essential crapper non be seen with the eye. Only with the heart can whizz know it rightly. The essence of teaching is difficult to qualify, but that line leads directly into my most essential criterion. 1. I emergency a teacher who has a contagious en husiasm for his t teachingone who, as Rich rd Via says, loves his students a nd his work. Mr. Via is an educational specialist in using drama techniques to teach EFL at the East-West Center in Hawaii.I was privileged profuse to attend his teacher-training seminar in Korea in 1976. It was a pleasure to be in his audience. His enjoyment in transmitting knowledge and participating in the seminar was appargonnt and infectious. His passion for teaching instilled a passion for learning in all the participants. For me, the most crucial factors in good teaching atomic number 18 who the teacher is and how he acts in the classroom. This influences the way the students react d toward the bell ringer language and, therefore, their success in learning it.2. I ask a teacher who is creative. Teaching must be to a greater extent thanthan patently chess opening a book, doing exercises, and following an outline written by person else. In the tedium of repetition, the student can go through the motions of doing the exercises without his mind creation engaged. What c an a teacher do to engage the students mind? There are a myriad of techniques that the creative teach r can employinformation-gap exercises, e games, songs, jazz chants, problem solving, and new(prenominal) techniques that allow the student to utilize the skills he has already developed in his first language. 3. I want a teacher who can tote up pace and humor to the class.The humor of one of my teachers had the effect of alleviating my nervousnessof diminution my effective filter. There was a rapport among the students and the teacher because we were all express joy together. We had a good time learning, and we made a lot of pass along because we were non afraid to make mis maneuvers we could take chances. As Krashen would say, the effective filters of the students were low, facilitating acquisition. some separate(a) teacher that I had maintained an excellent pace in the class. She neer lost an instant consulting a list or call uping close what to do next she had prepare dthat was evidentand she was goingto capitalize on every second.I was somewhat nervous in her class, but I didnt have time to worry about it because events moved so quickly. I was literally sitting on the edge of my seat so that I wouldnt miss anything, and my adrenalin was a positive force. I should add that humor is a double-edged sword it can tooshiefire, for what is funny to one person may not be funny to another. Humor crossways cultures can add a layer of difficulty to communication. 4. I want a teacher who quarrels me. I had several teachers who always spoke to me in Spanish, both in and out of class.I felt they were showing confidence in me and challenging me to tell Spanish. The students passive l knowledge of the keister language is always greater than his active knowledge. There is no moderateness why a teacher should use any language other than the target language except possibly for purposes of expediency. When a teacher reverts to the inseparable language, he i s showing a lack of patience with the students struggles in the target language. In addition, switching codes is confusing. I was unfoldn a test in which all the in tructions were read to me in English, so that I would be sure to understand every thing.Then I had to dish out in Spanish. scarce the test had three parts and I had to continue switching codes back and forth from English to Spanish I found this very confusing. It is alike going off a dietonce you cheat a i little, then you want to cheat a little much. If someone speaks to me in English, this activates my English channel and I am prepared to think in English. Speaking in the target language to the learner prepares and challenges him to speak in that language. In addition, I want a teacher who can maintain alevel of difficulty high enough to challenge me, but not so high as to discourage me.5. I want a teacher who is encouraging and patient, and who bequeath not give up on me. Some of the teachers that I have had dem onstrated undreamed of patience with all of their students, never allowing even a shadow of choler to cross their faces in reaction to continued incorrect speaking later endless correction (which may say something about the policy of correction). When the teacher is positiveencouraging initial and repeated attemptsthe students go forth apply themselves more diligently.Motivation thrives on success. One teacher I had appeared on several do c to give up on me. She would struggle to have the other g members of the class repeat the combination of an indirect object pronoun followed by a direct object pronounthe nemesis of the Spanish-language student. They would have numerous chances to grant the correct combination in various tenses, but I ofttimes was given only one opportunity. For the life of me, I do not know why the teacher gave me only one chance.Was it because I was attempt and she wanted to spare me any unpleasantness? Or was it because in her mind Ididnt need the practi ce? I felt that I necessary the practice and wanted at least a chance to deliver. I felt that the teacher was discouraged and had lost confidence in my energy to progress. As a result, I lost my incentive and became unsure of myself. 6. I want a teacher who will take an disport in me as a personone who will try to recognize discussion topics that interest me. When I was teaching, one of the first things I did was to try to find out what my students interests were hobbies, past employment, family, travel, etc. The easiest, most accessible airfield of conversation is oneself.The initial and intermediate stages of development for the language student do not abound with opportunities for coherent self-expression. Most of the time, we language students feel fairly incompetent because we cannot express ourselves adequately, as we are accustomed to doing in our endemic language. Thus, if we can discuss some little accomplishment weve had, or something that we take pleasure in or ar e proud of, so much the better. 7. I want a teacher who knows grammar well and who can let off something on the daub if necessary.I also want a teacher who is real and has the simple courage to admit that he doesnt know an answer if indeed he doesnt. I have had some teachers who, probably as the result of the de-emphasis on grammar explanation in the structuralist tradition, did not provide enough explanations. It seems to me that a more eclectic approach would take into consideration the inevitably of the adult learner, who should be given some insight into the intricacies of grammar. 8. I want a teacher who will take a minute or two to answer a question after class, or who will take five legal proceeding tocorrect something that I have make on my own.I had several teachers who did this willingly and who encouraged the students to do extra work on their own. I also had a teacher who made some corrections for me at my request, but somehow I felt as if I had encroached on her time. Is teaching to be exactly 50 minutes of the hour and no more? First, we as teachers need to encourage students not only to study what is required, but to pursue on their own areas in which they are arouse. Acquisition is facilitated when it concerns information that we need or are interested in.And second, we need to appreciate our students efforts. 9. I want a teacher who will treat me as a per on, on an equal s arse with all the members of the class, regardless of sex, marital status, race, or my future need for the language. In some of my classes women were given discussion topics relating only to the home and family, and men were seldom asked to blether about their families. Men were also given more talk time than the women. This can be discouraging to the student, and that is not conducive to progress. As teachers, we must lookcarefully at our classes to be certain that we are including everyone equally.I know that I have probably been guilty of bias toward the brighte r and more energetic studentstheyre more challenging for the teacher and more raise for the class. But now 1. Editors Note on the spot = without further consideration at once immdeiately. 2012 37 that I have been a victim of bias my elf, I will cers tainly be more aware of treating my students equally. 10. Finally, I want a teacher who will kick in his emotional baggage outside the classroom. The classroom is a stage,and to be effective the teacher must in some cases be an actor.I do not want to interrupt my concentration by worrying about what faculty be bothering the teacher. Nor do I want a teacher who sustains himself through ridicule or sarcasm, playing havoc with the emotions of his students and thereby blocking any learning/acquisition that might take place. Conclusion The qualities that I have discussed can be separated into four areas(1) affective characteristics, (2) skills, (3) classroom care techniques, and (4) academic knowledge Affective characteristics enthusiasme ncouragement humor interest in the student availability mental healt Skills creativity challenge schoolroom Management pace fairness Academic Knowledge grammar A teachers effectiveness depends on his demonstration of the affective characteristics. These are congenital in some of us, but they are also within the drudge of most teachers. Most of us want to be encouraging, enthusiastic, and available, but we hardly have to be reminded once in a while. The classroom solicitude techniques of peace and fairness are often overlooked, but they can be crucial to effective teaching.These are not techniques that require training, but again, simply awareness. The specific teaching skills of creativity and challenge are associated more with the types of materials and activities, and their level and appropriateness. Ease and facility in these two areas come with experience and familiarity with the political program and materials. Lastly, a teacher who knows his grammar gives himself credibi lity and stature in the eyes of his students. With a little training in how to explain grammar and how to teach it, teachers have an native tool.

Background of Benjamin Franklin Essay

The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin was thought by himself to be the bold and arduous project of arriving at moral flawlessness. It refers to when he was in his twenties, around 1726, he found himself jobless pinched in debt and suddenly a single father. He was rattling apt and he knew there was emphatically something wrong in his disembodied spirit and he was eager to make a change. So he wrote this archives non only to tell his son about his life but as well to improve his financial situation and to provide a model for self-reformation for any angiotensin converting enzyme interested. In browse to achieve his goal, Franklin developed and committed himself to a ain improvement program that consisted of long dozen virtues. Actuall(a)y, Franklin found twelve virtues out of thirteen in the reading (124). And another one was from the suggestion of his friend (133). Franklin do a list of thirteen virtues as follow silence order resolution frugality industry sincerity jus tice moderation cleanliness quietness chastity and humility (125-126).The first eight virtues relate to peoples attitudes towards their daily activities and their challenges, which belongs to personal virtues . The last five virtues that Franklin stated concern ones attitudes toward people with whom one has to be dealings, which fall into social virtues. Franklin caboodle forth the thirteen virtues in a precise practical and sagacious way. Simultaneously, he gave reasons for the order of these virtues (126). He put temperance at the contribute of the list, while humility came last. If a person drive out conquer temperance, much(prenominal) a primal urge for food or drink, he seat keep a cool and clean mind to do something more(prenominal) important, thus making self-development in other virtues. Overall, his rational arrangement for the virtues makes individually prior virtue help Franklin acquire each following virtue. In order to acquire these thirteen virtues, Franklin charted his daily progress, focusing his attention on one virtue each week, so after thirteen weeks he had completed all the virtues (127-128).Keeping track of his successes and failures in a downhearted book, he kept it with him at all times for many years. every(prenominal) night before going to bed, he would reflect and evaluate himself on what he had acquired and what he had failed. His goal was to minimize faults in his life, thus indicating he was moving toward living a more virtuous life throw in the towel of mistakes. Although Franklin tried to follow the virtues himself, he sometimes strayed from his good intentions. The most difficult virtue he met with was order (130-132). It was partly because Franklins good computer storage make order not as necessary. When he was young he remembered whenever he left anything. As he grew older, his memory became poorer and poorer, which caused him problems with order. Partly because he was a business man to be interrupted from the public ofttimes so that he could not focus on something as it was expected. another(prenominal) troublesome virtue Franklin confronted with was humility (133).Virtually, Franklin was born to be proud, but he had to pretend to be humble in public so that he could establish a good social status. Though Franklin admitted in his autobiography that he often fell short, he believed the process helped make him a better man and contributed to his success and happiness (131-132). For example, temperance contributed to his long life and good health. As for persisting in Industry and Frugality, he accumulate a lot of wealth and gained a large scope of cognition to do scientific research. All those virtues together had shaped Franklins very pleasant personality. Furthermore, the autobiography indicates Franklin was very intelligent. Initially, he could list out these virtues in the reading (124) and the method of virtues was very rational for people to follow(127).In all his life, Franklin had followed his plan of virtues and become a person full of virtuousness. He too set a good model for the descendants to follow and uttered his good will for them (132). As for the autobiography itself, I completely suit with his consents the bold and arduous project. It means that it was not easy for people to follow. just Franklin himself had proved to be very successful in many handle by following his plan of thirteen virtues. Franklin was also a very responsible person because he educated and raised his son on his own. He was passionate about science, thats why he had do great contribution to our society, making a lot of inventions lighting rod, Franklins stove and odometer, so on and so forth. The autobiography female genital organ be of great use to others.If only we descendants can follow his virtues, we can make great self-improvement in our own fields and in moral standards. I have been reckoning how Franklin made his own bring out? When he was xx-two years old, he wa s strikingly impoverished and a single father. But by the age of forty-two, Franklin had achieved all his goals, which were not acquired by accident, but by his strong faith in his virtues. For more than twenty years, six days a week with dirty hands, Franklin had been doing the routine browse in the printing house.Every night he constantly made self-criticism on what he had achieved and what he should have to acquire. If only I can follow some of Franklins thirteen virtues, I am definitely making great progress in my study overseas and in my future teaching career. Take the virtue order for example, it sounds so minor(ip) that we can easily neglect in our daily life, actually, searching for items for furcate every day is always time-consuming. If I can arrange everything in its place, I would study more efficiently and achieve much high grades. Of course, the thirteen virtues are a good guide for me to follow. In fact, memory track of how well I do in maintaining the virtues a nd having positive lineament traits, as Franklin did, is worth trying.

Hamlet and Particular Attention Essay

1. Think about crossroadss relationship with Ophelia. Does he use up intercourse her? Does he stop loving her? Did he ever love her? What evidence can you find in the play to support your creed?2. Consider Rosencrantz and Guildensterns role in the play. Why might Shakespeare have created characters like this? Are they there for comic relief, or do they run a more serious purpose? Why does the word of their deaths cum only after the deaths of the royal family in Act V, as if this news were not anticlimactic? Is it acceptable for Hamlet to treat them as he does? Why or why not?3. Analyze the use of descriptions and images in Hamlet. How does Shakespeare use descriptive language to enhance the visual possibilities of a full stop production? How does he use imagery to create a whim of tension, suspense, fear, and despair?4. Analyze the use of comedy in Hamlet, paying finical attention to the gravediggers, Osric, and Polonius. Does comedy serve merely to relieve the tension of th e tragedy, or do the comic scenes serve a more serious thematic purpose as well?5. Suicide is an important theme in Hamlet. Discuss how the play treats the idea of suicide morally, religiously, and aesthetically, with particular attention to Hamlets two important statements about suicide the O, that this similarly too solid flesh would melt soliloquy (I.ii.129158) and the To be, or not to be soliloquy (III.i.5688). Why does Hamlet believe that, although capable of suicide, most humane beings choose to live, despite the cruelty, pain, and injustice of the world?

Law and Environment Essay

According to this appeals court, what errors were make by the try out at trial?The judge has made a judicial error by allowing the Plaintiffs counsel to gossipmonger on the case about Minichiellos boss being a German with an attitude of hatred and made forced analogies to Nazi Germany and the Holocaust. The judge also allowed irrelevant testimony, which asserted that the Club discriminated against Latinos, Jews, and African-Americans, to the issue of discrimination base on sexual orientation. I agree that awarding $20,000,000 was grossly unjustified and has no rational basis, and was an error by the judge as well.7.Would the law of nature violate a suspects Fourth Amendment rights against unlawful look for and seizure by secretly placing a GPS tracking device on the suspects car for an extended epoch without first securing a visage to do so? Explain. See, for example, United States of America v. Lawrence Maynard, 615 F.3d 544 (D.C. Cir. 2010) petition for rehear en bane deni ed, United States of America v. Antoine Jones, 625 F.3d 766 (D.C. Cir. 2010).The police would violate a suspects Fourth Amendment rights against unlawful search and seizure by secretly placing a GPS tracking device on the suspects car for an extended time without first securing a warrant to do so. They have violated his reasonable degree of privacy. Without having a warrant issued will give the ability to have anybody monitored whenever for whatever period of time invading privacy.

Cell Phones Advantages&Disadvantages Essay

1.0 IntroductionWhen I construct been on contrasting school put inments during my time at the College there has forever and a day been one thing I abide paid much financial aid to and noniced in every school. This situation is a very commonalty thing among schoolchilds in Malaysia and besides occurs among people who norm all toldy function much than one hound-in. This phenomenon is called cipher-switching and usually happened in bilingual societies.What is code-switching? It is when a person mixes dickens languages in a single sentence or a conversation. This bring on was ordinary to take place in Malaysian students which is chinking to a greater extent(prenominal) than one language. Our country students usually learned more than three language same(p)s national language, m different language and etc. Our ministry of education set slope as a second language in Malaysia, so Malaysian position expression Instructors and ESL ( slope as second Language) require s learners tend to intake more than one code of language in the context of glob classroom. Now, we wants to controvert the factors that ca recitation ESL learners to code switch and how to overcome it.2.0 of import Body2.1 get More Comfortable, Environment, Lack of ConfidenceThe first factors it ca persona students ignore non switching code immediately because they not usual to use face and as well as smack custom and more comfortable to use their own language. They prefer to use their own language because it is more smoothed and easy communicate with their chum. as well that, they also did not bedevil a good environment or social to speak English. Take one example, we was grow in a family which does not often speak English and we just plainly use our mother language to communicate with our familys in home, that is a humongous occupation for us to learn and speak English properly. The problem result cause the students privation of confidence to speak English because they do not aim basic for speak to other people. stick prohibited but not least, they also ordain feel shy to use English because they atomic number 18 afraid of speaking mistakes.2.2 Lack of Motivation, Lack of Interest, Lack of Enforcement Furthermore, they also lack of motivation because they do not get any courage from their consort or family. When students do not have enough vocabulary invent they  cigargonttenot speak any perfects English. If they mucklenot speak English properly, they will give their friend laugh and it will causes they do not have more touch in English. any style that, they will also give up to learn English and also will drop out of study. Motivation whitethorn be expect to improve when class take into account students likes in article of faith style and lesson material. Additionally, p arents did not enforce their children to speak and learn English in home. Parents also lack of accompany with their children to teach them important of Englis h or another language in the whole world regular(a) tourism and doing business.2.3 Watch more English videos, more interaction, talk with others speed up After the factors let us talk about solutions to overcome the problem students who are face it. Lecturers shtup takes some video from youtube or google to touch with students but contain the video bottom of the inning help students to improve their English. They underside also listen music English or see an English movie to annex their listen and speaking skill. We moldiness let students have more interaction and practice among them when during lesson. Lecturers should break them into different group with different language or country to get more chance to be in touch with English in class. 2.4 Join the activity can improve English, Attended to culture, create verballyalty The parents need to speak with them in English and without home language at home to improve their basic in speaking.Parents also can send them to couns elling or campaign for procreation them to use English in social life. Students must me hardworking and go to a place which availability of additional resources or knowledge to increase their vocabulary. To give those students cannot handle the basics English parents should force them to attend tuition class. When students in the school or college, lecturers must be ensure students are in the English speaking zone to communicate with their friend without other language. Last but not least, if those students who are not follow the rules must give a heavy penalty to let them remember and would not do a same mistake against.3.0 Recommendation and ConclusionThe use of mother language is not conclusively a threat to English as a language or a subject at school. In school or college lecturers should be concern about students have the ability to differentiate the deuce language and separate them in formal and non-formal communications in class. Therefore, poor performance in English c annot blest on home language, but a persons background. In my view educators should take the responsibility and teach suitable things to enable the old level students learn in English. Its can make them insureing in a better command of English.4.0 REFERENCES1) Jtonec. (2012). A Description of How the Teacher of Language and Literature may Use Drama in Education to conquer Low Linguistic Competency and Low Self Confidence. Available http//www.studymode.com/essays/a-Description-Of-How-The-Teacher-1221891.html. Last accessed 12 May 2014. 2) Timmytimmkins.(2010). Effective ESL Elements. Available http//www.studymode.com/essays/Effective-Esl-Elements-406002.html. Last accessed 10 May 2014.Question 21.0 IntroductionIn this global computer attainment and technology, who does not have a prison mobile phone phone these days? til now a child in primary school some of their parents also will give them a phone to them for easily to stay click with parents. However in this era of techn ology, a cell phone approximately amazing things is that they are no longer just used for craft or texting. Actually, a cell phone is not just only a tool for communicate with family and it is also a tool for multimedia system such as smartphones. The smartphones can use in multimedia likes games, pictures, songs and it will bring out many advantages and disadvantages for us so with this mind. Hence, should students be permitted to use cell phones in school has turn over a hot matter of discussion among individual. Thus, let us discuss and debate about this topic.2.0 Main Body2.1 Access Information, Useful ApplicationFirstly, it goes without saying that the advantages of cell phones is it can help students to overcome some of their academic problems. This is due to the reason that cell phones allow them to download some useful software such as dictionary. When they cannot understand what their lectures teaching about due to the vocabulary, they can find the meat of the vocabul ary and try to translate it to their own language by using the dictionary software so that they will manage to understand what their lectures teaching about. In addition, they can also access google to find the materials which they need. This is because internets have a pool of information to provide the information that they acquire. On the other hand, the student parents can also check their children whereabouts by using a phone. Besides that, the smartphone also has a lot of function such as calendar, calculator, maps watch and many technology software. I can take an example that I will use software to supervise my homework and revision to ensure that I will not waste the precious time.2.2 Replace Pen and Paper, Use To Memory, E-learningApart from that, using cell phones to do home whole works or assignments can replace the pen and reduce the paper so that this will help to reduce deforestation as well as throttle away from greenhouse effect. The cell phones can also beco me a memory card, when the student insufficient time to publish down all the points that the lecturers given or he or she absents the lessons, they can just take a picture and do revision at home. Furthermore, they still can take out these pictures to revise before the examination. In this way it is killing two birds with one stone a stone. Additionally, they can use for E-learning in internet by using a cell phone with their friends and lectures to discuss homework or which are they do not understand in the lesson.2.3 Distraction Class, Cheating, BullyingEvery coin has two sides, cell phone also bring some disadvantages to us. Let us discuss the disadvantages of a cell phone right now. The cell phones also bring out many troubles to students like distract the lecturer and all their friends. The meaning distract is stand for while lecturer teaching in the class the students who play games and the worst is cell phones ringing will nettle the whole class force to stop the class. Aft er that, the students will also laugh at which classmates those who are not using the modish phone. They cannot understand their parents work hard also unable to buy a latest phone to them because new phones price is too expensive and even run up to two thousand.2.4 Annoying Lecturers, Health Hazard, Safety of StudentsWhen lecturers is teaching in the class, the students which is mischievous will take the lecturer funny picture and transfer to the social network to annoying their lecturer. These types of students do not have politeness because they did not give any respect to their lecturer. England scientist investigate point out if each people using cell phones in one day more than 2 hours, they will get health hazard like shortsighted, radiation, skin cancer. So, if students bring cell phones to school they will get more times to be in touch with the disease above. Beside, students can keep play their phones and did not pay attention when they go downstairs or cross the road. It is very dangerous actions and do not behave their self and their family.3.0 Recommendation and ConclusionIn the last, students bring cell phones to school have both of advantages and disadvantages but they should know how to use the cell phones in the place is correct. We can come to a conclusion that although mobile phones have their sluttish points, they are very useful when they are necessary. Students are the decision makers. Therefore, we can choose which are good and bad. According to my opinion cell phones are very useful things if we use them in a proper way in the school it may help students solve many problems.4.0 REFERENCES1) RaulBarrera. (2012). Disadvantages of electric cell Phones in School. Available http//www.studymode.com/essays/Disadvantages-Of-Cell-Phones-In-School-1074638.html. Last accessed 6 May 2014. 2) HayItsGio. (2012). Cell Phones in School. Available http//www.studymode.com/essays/Cell-Phones-In-School-1317488.html. Last accessed 4 May 2014.

How to Reduce Stress

1. In to twenty-four hourss smaller Air core, members be finding themselves doing more than with less. This in-turn has caused numerous accent markful situations on and off duty. It is incumbent for Air Force members to do it, treat, and sink strive whenever practical to increase morale and mission accomplishment. This wallpaper will cover the emotional, behavioral, and physical signs of essay as well as importance of theorize mental strain direction in treating and/or eliminating stress.2. onward we can begin to reduce stress, we must be able to recognize indicators that lead to or protagonist name stress. Air Force psycho recordist Capt. Neil S. Hibler has substantial a list of early warning signs (219). For our purposes we will discuss solitary(prenominal) a couple from each category. First, from the emotional category, is apathy. Apathy is the doldrums. Things you normally enrapture are no longer pleasurable. Along with apathy is mental fatigue. world unable t o concentrate or staying focus are only a couple of examples of mental fatigue.Emotional signs are genuinely important to recognize, because if they are not noticed early on and addressed, behavioral or fifty-fifty physical problems can surface. The behavioral category signs include being new-fashioned to work, poor appearance, and being accident prone are just a a few(prenominal) examples of administrative problems. Legal problems are veritable(a) more evident, such(prenominal) as, traffic tickets, indebtedness, and inability tocontrol violent impulses. As you can see, these signs of stress become more serious-minded the longerTSgt Adams/H-Flt/0805/pfa/19 Jul 97they go untreated or reduced. Finally, is the physical category possibly the most serious of all. var. not only effects the psyche of an individual, but the physical side of ones being can also be altered. Ailments such as headaches, insomnia, nausea, changes in appetite, and sexual problems can persist during times of stress. The individual may seek relief from stress by self-medicating and develop a colony on chemicals that are harmful to the body. These signs are just a few of the more recognizable. Other signs can be very subtle and even more dangerous to the individual and others. This is why it is paramount to detect stress early and if possible treat, reduce, or eliminate before damage is done.3. at one time signs of stress are identified, it is time to tackle them with a few job stress managementtechniques outlined in The Relaxation & Stress Reduction Handbook (2211). A 1985 study conducted by the National touch on for Health Statistics found that more than 50% of workers surveyed experienced moderate to loaded down(p) stress on the job. To effectively combat work-related stress, you first need to identify symptoms and sources of job related stress. This can be accomplished by taking and scoring the survey in the handbook. Next, you need to keep a log on how you respond to your s pecific job stressors.Label four columns stressor, feelings, thoughts, and behavior. aft(prenominal) you have completed these task, setting goals and motivation is next. Set goals to respond more effectively to your job stressors. Develop a plan to react to stress you can anticipate or even avoid altogether. The idea here(predicate) is to gain more control of your work environment. Rewards are a very important part of motivation. Create a specific reward for either goal you establish and make sure to give yourself the time to applaud your reward. The nextarea to sum up is more difficult for most of us. transaction with your boss, negotiating with co-workers, and changing your thinking can be used to your advantage to help reduce stress. Dontside step these ideas, use them The last two strategies to consider in job stress management are pace and counterpoise yourself, and live when to quit. Pace at your own tempo. Dont burn yourself out. This is one of the prima(p) causes of stress at work. To effectively integrate job stress management into your daily lifestyle could take months, in just a day you can identify your job stressors and your responses to them. Getting started is the key4. We have discussed identifying stress by looking for emotional, behavioral, and physicalsigns of stress. Then, more importantly, we discussed ways to treat, reduce, or eliminate stress by applying techniques used in job stress management. cheat stress accounts for billions of dollars lost annually in productivity, wages, and medical bills. Americans now know that job stress management makes personal and financial sense.