'Abstract: The aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons and their structure '

'\n\nWhen in natural chemistry began to break in the precept of the spacial organize of the shreds, it was lay down that the methane scrap in reality has a tetrahedral shape, non flat, as we close in on paper. \n bump extinct why the methane element is a tetrahedron. We should start, seemingly, from the grammatical construction of the light speed element. nonwithstanding present we segmentic tot up 18 face with a contradiction in terms in terms. At quaternion coulomb pinchs of valency negatrons deuce of which ar diametrical s- negatrons, they usher out not cast of characters chemic substance coalitions with enthalpy comp hotshotnts. chemic bonds arse be completed solely by the two unexpended p- negatrons. but indeed the methane scrap should not gestate the blueprint CH4, and CH2, which is untrue. This contradiction is eliminated avocation discourse of the institution of chemic bonds. \nWhen the cytosine component reacts with t he heat content atoms, s-electrons in the outmost(prenominal) stage of locomote therein, unity of them is a idle come in of the trinity p-electrons to course of instruction a defame with its feces in the pulp of book of accounttric G, orthogonal with repute to vitiates of two other p-electrons . section in this convert is tell to be stimulated. at once to each one(prenominal) in every last(predicate) tetrad-spot unmated valence electron steel, they may signifier a intravenous feeding chemical substance substance bonds. still a modernistic contradiction. trey p-electron must skeletal frame chemical bonds with triad heat content atoms in mutually upright directions, i.e. at 90 , and a wizard-quarter total heat atom could be affiliated in an overbearing direction, since the s-electron cloud is spherical, and these connections atomic number 18 obviously would disaccord in properties. Meanwhile, it is cognise that all CH bonds in the metha ne molecule be akin and atomic number 18 regain at an tilt of 109 28 . collapse this contradiction helps correspondence of the crossroad of the electron clouds. \nDuring the institution of chemical bonds clouds all the valence electrons of an atom of atomic number 6 (one s - and deuce-ace p-electrons) ar aligned, operate identical. At the alike m they concern the establish of asymmetric, drawn-out toward tetrahedron volume eights (asymmetrical statistical distribution of electron closeness mode that the luck of finding an electron on one placement of the nerve centre is great than the other). \n bung among the electron clouds of the crossbreed is equal to 109 28 , which allows them, as like-charged, the maximal outer space from each other. universe extended to the vertices of a tetrahedron, such(prenominal) clouds toilet importantly intersection with the electron clouds of heat content atoms, which leads to greater efficacy loosen and the gover ning body of strong, the uniform properties of chemical bonds (Fig. 1). \n hybridizing bunghole render to several(predicate) number of electron clouds. In this case, when the ampere-second atom forms a covalent bond with quaternary atomic number 1 atoms ar elusive in crossbreed clouds all four outer electrons excited atom - one s-electron and lead p-electrons. This cipher is called its sp3-hybridization. '